An Analysis Framework to enable biodiversity projects to take a One Health approach

Micol Fascendini and Madelon Rusman
Publicado: 02 Enero 2023
Última edición: 02 Enero 2023
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Summary

The Biodiversity Working Group from GIZ’s Sector Network of Rural Development and Natural Resources Asia-Pacific (SNRD-AP) commissioned a study to explore the biodiversity-health nexus in the region. Literature review and informant interviews allowed understanding the impact of biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation on human and animal health and gave insight into the value of collaboration at the nexus. The leading discourse has neglected the environmental pillar of One Health (OH) for long, with little attention given to biodiversity in classic OH actions addressing emerging infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance.  The biodiversity-health nexus is essential for pandemic prevention. It is thus urgent to explore how One Health could be integrated into biodiversity and, vice versa, how biodiversity could be integrated into One Health to make pandemic prevention more effective. This study focuses on developing an innovative tool to guide better integration of One Health into biodiversity conservation.

Clasificaciones

Region
Sudeste Asiático
Sur de Asia
Scale of implementation
Global
Local
Multinacional
Nacional
Subnacional
Ecosystem
Agro-ecosistema
Agroforesteria
Bosques tropicales de hoja perenne
Campos de cultivo
Ecosistemas de agua dulce
Ecosistemas forestales
Humedales (pantano, turberas)
Piscina, lago, estanque
Selva baja caducifolia
Theme
Acceso y participación en los beneficios
Actores locales
Adaptación al cambio climático
Caza furtiva y delitos ambientales
Comunicación y divulgación
Conectividad / conservación transfronteriza
Especies exóticas invasoras
Especies y la extinción
Fragmentación del hábitat y degradación
Gestión de fuego
Gestión de tierras
Gestión y planificación de áreas protegidas y conservadas
Gobernanza de las áreas protegidas y conservadas
Institucionalización de la biodiversidad
Manejo de bosques
Manejo de cuencas
Manejo de incendios e inundaciones
Manejo espacial de la zona marino-costera
Marco legal y normativo
Medios de vida sostenibles
Mitigación del cambio climático
One Health
Ordenamiento territorial terrestre
Pesca y acuicultura
Poblaciones indígenas
Prevención de erosión
Provisión y manejo del agua
Reducción de desastres
Restauracion
Salud y bienestar humano
Seguridad alimentaria
Servicios ecosistémicos
Standards/ certification
Turismo
World Heritage
Species Conservation and One Health Interventions
Evaluación del estado de las especies
Vigilancia de la salud de la vida silvestre (para capturar la vigilancia de la biodiversidad, la salud, las enfermedades y los patógenos)
Seguimiento e investigación de especies
Manejo / Remoción de Especies Invasoras
Manejo intensivo de especies (in situ o ex situ)
Especies Enfermedades Sistemas de alerta temprana
Traslados de conservación de especies
Planificación de la conservación de especies
Comunicación de riesgos, participación de la comunidad y cambio de comportamiento
Evaluación de riesgos
Mecanismo de coordinación de One Health
One Health
El vínculo entre biodiversidad y salud
Buena gobernanza territorial
Comercio de fauna y flora silvestre y conflictos entre el hombre y la fauna
Challenges
Degradación de tierras y bosques
Pérdida de la biodiversidad
Usos conflictivos / impactos acumulativos
Pérdida de ecosistemas
Cacería furtiva
Health
Sustainable development goals
ODS 3 - Salud y bienestar
ODS 13 - Acción por el clima
ODS 14 - Vida submarina
ODS 15 - Vida de ecosistemas terrestres
ODS 17 - Alianzas para lograr los objetivos
Aichi targets
Meta 1: Aumento de la sensibilization sobre la biodiversidad
Meta 2: Valores de biodiversidad integrados
Meta 4: Producción y consumo sostenibles
Meta 5: Pérdida de hábitat reducida a la mitad o reducida
Meta 6: Gestión sostenible de los recursos vivos acuáticos
Meta 7: Agricultura, acuicultura y silvicultura
Meta 11: Áreas protegidas y conservadas
Meta 14: Los servicios ecosistemicos
Meta 15: Restauración de ecosistemas y resiliencia
Meta 19: Intercambio de información y conocimiento

Ubicación

Vientiane, Laos | Laos, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, India

Challenges

Loss of biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems is caused by several factors, such as ecosystem degradation due to land use changes, climate change, extractive industries and exploitation of forest products, wildlife trade and consumption. These drivers reduce the physical distance between humans, their domestic animals, and wildlife populations, increasing the risk of spillover of zoonotic pathogens from animals to humans. Southeast Asia is a biodiversity hotspot and one of the fastest developing regions in the world. Environmental degradation makes the region a risk area for the spread of zoonotic diseases. The value of One Health in tackling these issues is well-recognised. However, there is no clear path for biodiversity projects on how to recognize contributions to health outcomes and integrate One Health in their work. The Analysis Framework offers projects a uniform assessment tool to discover strengths and potentials and analyse where and how multisectoral OH collaborations can be initiated.

Beneficiaries

The beneficiaries of the framework are the teams of the biodiversity-related projects within the SNRD-AP Biodiversity Working Group. On a larger scale, the tool will benefit partners and stakeholders who will learn how to integrate One Health in their work.

¿ Cómo interactúan los building blocks en la solución?

The building blocks interact with each other to allow exploring the biodiversity-health nexus in biodiversity conservation projects and identifying where and how multisectoral One Health collaborations can be initiated. Forming a multidisciplinary review team is the first step of the process. The team will be tasked with the responsibility of quickly scanning the project using the Analysis Framework purposely developed and here described as Solution for the integration of One Health in biodiversity. This will allow identifying the gate entries that have the potential to link with the OH approach and leveraging already implemented measures to effectively operationalise it. The next step requires the exploration of enabling conditions that can influence the real actualisation of the identified OH intervention. Finally, the review team will guide a multisectoral and transdisciplinary discussion on the integration of One Health in the project, by engaging all project owners (institutional and development partners) and all actors affected by the intervention (policy makers, local communities and service providers).

Impacts

The Analysis Framework was developed to assist the SNRD-AP Biodiversity Working Group to implement the OH approach within biodiversity-related projects in the Southeast Asia region. The framework allows assessing if the project has a sufficient base for One Health and already applies key OH principles. It enables the identification of potential gate entries, where a OH element can be integrated, and assesses the measures that could allow building a OH element into the project. Through the application of the framework, owners and stakeholders are guided in the revision of the project adopting the OH lens, identifying new opportunities to work across disciplines and engaging with new actors. The framework should be considered a starting point for the transformative process of adding One Health into biodiversity. A radical shift in thinking is required to break down the process of implementing the OH approach into manageable and feasible measurements that are context- and project-specific. By doing so, small-scale actions and successes will likely increase trust in the process and pave the way for a broader integration of One Health within the conservation community. The Analysis Framework was tested on six projects to verify its validity. Tthe Biodiversity-One Health Taskforce of the SNRD-AP Biodiversity Working Group was trained on the step-by-step process to ensure its application on a wider scale.

Contribuido por

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Micol Fascendini Consultant to GIZ

Other contributors

Consultant to GIZ
Deutschen Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)
Deutschen Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)
Deutschen Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)
Deutschen Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)